Ottoman Sultans: Sultan Mehmed II (1444-1446 & 1451-1481) "The Conqueror"

                                            On a sunny March day in 1432 in the

Royal Palace I do net humor ha tune

wanted the w

ives of marat ii gave birth

to a boy Marat ii learning not the birth

of his new son decided to give the baby

boy the name of his father

Mehmed even though the birth of Mehmed

saw the capital of Edina selber enjoy

no one even rat the second thought the

young boy would ever become the next

ottoman sultan mehmet was the young set

of Murad's three sons rats of the son

Ahmed was 12 and his second eldest son

Alateen was 6

although the Ottoman throne was that

guaranteed to the oldest member of the

imperial dynasty Hamed an Aladeen

clearly had a head start in their

ottoman game of Thrones

as with all Ottoman she saw des man met

was given the best education by the

leading scholars of the Islamic world

however the young man med was a naughty

and energetic kid who had very little

interest in learning and he would often

verbally threatened his teachers as he

was the son of the grand Ottoman Sultan

bose only after a choreographed slap to

the face from one of the scholars onto

Sultan Murat the second that brought the

shocked man med into taking his classes

seriously Mehmet will go on to learn

Arabic Persian Latin Greek and Italian

while also receiving a full Islamic

education by the time name it was five

his world had turned upside down

as his mother humi hatsune was sent away

from the royal palace and his eldest

brother she saw Dannette had died maru

brankovic the serbian royal and the new

wife of murat ii will become close with

men that after these traumatic events

and would act as their mother figure for

the young boy for the rest of his life

the 1440s were a chaotic time period for

the aden state as Crusader armies from

Europe posed a real threat to Ottoman

rule in the Balkans rot ii fought in

Europe while his Air Show Saladin fought

against the karremans in Anatolia the

kuru monza found the recent Crusader

invasion an opportunity to read into

Ottoman lands in Anatolia and they had

even open negotiations to alive the

Crusaders against Ottomans the Ottomans

launched a series of military campaigns

in Anatolia against the caravans as a

reaction to these events whose after one

of these Anatolia military campaigns in

1443 which would see Shahzada a lot team

suddenly died at the age of 18 leaving

Mehmed as the sole heir to the Ottoman

Empire as a way to prepare as an

experienced 11 year old son Murat ii

sent Mehmed to govern the city Imani say

in Anatolia the practice of sending she

saw days to the provinces of the Empire

in order to train them in state affairs

had its origins all the way back to the

creation of the Ottoman state and Mamet

was following the footsteps of many

others she saw days before him by the

year of 1440 for Maratha ii had secured

peace in europe against the Crusaders

and name it was called back to her dear

Ned as Murad planned on going into

retirement Murat ii became the first

ottoman sultan to abdicate his throne

and mammoth became the youngest ottoman

sultan to ever ascent to the throne up

to that point in Ottoman history in my

previous Ottoman Sultans video about

Murad ii i talked about mem the seconds

first rain a sultan during the years for

244 and 1446 and so if you want a full

refresher go to the timestamps listed on

the screen right now for that video but

here's a short summary of the events

almost immediately after Mamet's

ascension to the Ottoman throne the

Crusaders broke the peace treaty that

the ad signed with not

seconds and proceeded to invade the

Ottoman Empire once more they believed

that the young Mamet's ascension to

Dartmouth Rana was a sign of autumn the

weakness and so they took a leap of

faith by breaking the peace treaty in

order to kick the Ottomans from Europe

for once and for all in this huge panic

rat ii was called back by mammoth ii to

command the ottoman army which saw Murat

defeat the Crusader army during the

decisive battle of Vietnam during the

aftermath of the battle Murat returned

back to retirement but at Janissary

mutiny and pressure from the ottoman

grand vizier John Zarrella Halil Pasha

Sam read once again becomes Sultan in

1446 at the expense of his son John drew

a lil Halil Pasha and his faction of

pushes thought the Empire needed the

strong leadership and martial talents of

Murat seconds during these unprecedented

times so they opted to remove the

inexperienced 14 year old man net from

the throne the years after 4046 Samrat

ii continued to fend off further and

beating Crusader armies from Europe

being the Magan during Second Battle of

Kosovo

however the aging rot ii was not able to

beat the Albanian warlords skander beg

tunes dieter Cruz in 1450 and he would

soon die afterwards in 1451 from a

stroke meanwhile Mehmet had been sent

back along with the stress of pushes to

Manisa after his death Romans whose turn

these tears of money say that Mehmed

yearned to take back this place as

Dobbin Sultan as he thought he was

unfairly de throned by the schemes of

Grand Vizier John Zarrella Halil Pasha

anyhow Darrin starts a 1451 the news a

Murat the second stat from India had

reached now 19 year-old Mehmed as soon

as Mehmed heard the news of his father's

death he quickly rushed the capital of

Internet to secure his throne before any

other claimants to the Ottoman throne

could take action there were only two

other claimants to throne other than

Mehmed and they were Hasan shall Abed

the one-year-old son of not the second

and or inshallah be the grandson us

through the mud shall be

of an interregnum orange LED has been

thorn to rot seconds as he wished to

regain the Ottoman throne that his

grandfather lost during the Ottomans

regnum by working with the Byzantines

the Ottoman Prince constantly looked for

opportunities to see sodom enthroned

while wrapped the second was on military

campaigns but none of his exploits ever

achieved to gather enough supporters in

the Internet in reality the Byzantines

used orange chilly Bey as a bargaining

chip in its diplomatic relations with

the Ottoman Empire in which the domain

attributes for the captivity of the

Ottoman Prince nevertheless the speedy

Mehmed arrived in internet within a

couple of days thus turned Ottoman

throne for himself the baby Hasan

Shalaby was put to death a couple weeks

later in order to ensure the future

stability of the Empire and/or ensure he

continued his captivity in

Constantinople after failing to secure

sufficient support in the internet after

becoming sultan mehmet ii to the

surprise of everyone requested Angela

Ali Pasha to continue his current role

as Grand Vizier the relationship between

the two men had started on the wrong

foot but the young man had wanted to

unify his cabinet before embarking on

his grand plan in the islamic hadeeth

that was documented during the early

days of Islam the Prophet Mohammed

talked about a future Islamic conquest

of the grand Byzantine capital of

Constantinople barely you shall conquer

Constantinople what a wonderful leader

will he be what a wonderful army will

the army be these words and teachings of

his Islamic tutor axiom sedin captivated

the young man that ever since he was a

small child even though Constantinople

was one of the most important cities in

the world due to his history in

strategical location had been largely

reduced to a slum city by the time of

mehmet strained whatever the condition

of Constantinople was sultan mehmet ii

bolita uses destiny to conquer the

mystical city that

at the heart of the Ottoman Empire grand

vizier john deere Liholiho show was more

skeptical about mammoths ambitions of

conquering constantinople as he was more

aware of the type of destruction that

the aden state had gone through in the

recent years the many battles fought in

the Balkans against the Crusaders aimed

Albanians had taken a toll on the

Empire's manpower and economy Holly

Pasha believed I was not wise for

Mamet's beseech Constantinople so soon

after the conclusion of these wars the

Ottomans have besieged Constantinople

back in the thirteen 90s and even during

the reign of murat ii in 1422 but all

attempts to capture the city failed at

the expense of immense Ottoman resources

Ali Pasha knew the immense strength of

Constantinople fortifications and which

not to attract any more Crusader armies

from Europe by besieging the city Ali

Pasha instead wanted men men to focus on

the resources of the state to strengthen

Ottoman positions in the Balkans Holly

Pasha thought the rash decisions of a

unproven Sultan like mehmet ii khalid

the ottomans to disaster Wow mammoths ii

himself believed that the conquest of

constantinople was paramount for any

future ottoman successes the conquest of

the city would connect the two halves of

the empire in which the ottoman army

could be easily transferred back and

forth from asia and europe in addition

to that the conquest of the city would

also eliminate byzantine threats of

starting an ottoman civil war during

times of Ottoman uncertainty Sultan

Mehmet's points was proven rights as

days after his ascension to the throne

the Byzantines have demanded an increase

in tribute for or on Shelly Bey the

Byzantine demand was quickly rejected

and Mehmed started preparations for the

upcoming siege new large cannons were

produced by the Hungarian engineer or

bond in the Romanian castles built off

the coast of the Bosphorus in order to

blockade Constantinople from the Black

Sea

ma'am it would also go on first military

campaign during this time period against

the car amounts to force them into

submission before his planned upcoming

siege the 19 year old man met quickly

won his first military campaign in which

he commanded his troops into battle for

the first time as assault on the

byzantine emperor constantine xi

probably realized that he had chewed

more than he could swallow when he

provoked mehmed earlier that year all

Byzantine peace offers were swiftly

rejected by Mehmed as he was openly

preparing his army for war the next two

years would see mammoth heavily prepared

for the siege of Constantinople which

results in constantine xi seeking to get

military aid from europe only a small

attachment of generous mercenaries would

ever come to the aid at the visiting

emperor after two years of preparations

on April 6th 1453 the Ottoman army under

sultan mehmet ii dispatches Holly Pasha

in zaganos Pasha surround the Byzantine

capital of Constantinople the seizure

Constantinople had just begun

the preceding 53 day siege was a bloody

affair for both sides which resulted in

heavy casualties for both the Byzantines

and Ottomans dozens of ottoman attacks

on Theodosia walls were repulsed and

after weeks of fighting the Ottoman army

was morally depleted to make things

worse supply ships from Europe had

broken through the Ottoman naval

blockade which saw your penis ships sail

into the protected and chained harbor of

the Golden Horn which supplied

Constantinople with much-needed supplies

for the siege Ali Pasha advised Mehmed

to lift the siege and save the Ottoman

army from total destruction however

managed military advisors igano special

and his tutor action sodden motivated

the Sultan to continue on the siege

suits on name at the second then thought

of a military plan to break the deadlock

of the siege Ottoman warships were

transported around the Genoese colony of

Gaza into the Golden Horn which opened

yet another military front for the

depleted forces of the Byzantines

mammoth the second offer turns a piece

to constantine xi promising the

byzantine emperor safe passage to Greece

and the safety of the citizens of

Constantinople the peace offer was

rejected after days of preparation

Mehmed ordered a final assault on

Constantinople hoping to overwhelm the

forces of the Byzantines on the walls a

demand manpower and gunpowder proved too

mighty for the Byzantines which saw the

Ottomans storming to Constantinople

during the early hours of the 29th of

May during the final battle Constantine

11th fought to the very end with the

remainder of his army but to no avail

the last emperor of the Romans had died

fighting for the city that in the heart

of the Roman world for over a century

the illustrious visiting Empire that

could trace his history back to

constantine the great

Angele Caesar was now dead shortly after

the siege Grand Vizier John de l'homme

Pasha was removed from power by Mehmed

as he and the mecca's Dukes of the

Byzantine Empire low caste dr. rossik

conducted secret talks during the siege

without the knowledge of the respect of

monarchs zaganos Pasha the loyal

companion of sultan mehmet ii will

become the new Creon to zero of the

empire instead of holly pakistan fall

ali pasha the grand vizier who had been

an opponent to many of the physicians of

Mehmed would soon be executed becoming

the first Ottoman Grand Vizier to die

not matter after three days of autumn

soldiers looting the city the 21 year

old mammoth second entered

Constantinople proclaiming himself as

new Ceaser of Rome it is said that when

Mehmed saw the city in ruins he teared

up and uttered the words what a city we

have given over to plunder and

destruction the ruined City became the

new Ottoman capital and aya Sophia the

main Christian Church the city was

converted into a mosque soon after the

fall of Constantinople shocked many

Europeans who viewed the fall of the

city as a catastrophic event for

Christendom

many Europeans fear that their kingdoms

would be next to fall to Mehmet strife

meanwhile back in the Ottoman Empire the

city of Constantinople would be

reconstructed and repaired by Mehmed

during the years after the siege which

saw the city returned back to its former

elegance that open scene

since the Golden Age of the Byzantine

Empire the Topkapi Palace was also

constructed in the decades after the

conquest which would serve as the living

quarters for all ottoman sultans

until 1856 and would also serve us the

home of the imperial ottoman cords the

rebirth of the city saw its population

quadruple in size by the end of the

century Constantinople under Ottoman

rule was once again the premier city of

Europe after centuries as her coming to

decline at the age of 21 sultan mehmet

ii had done what most monarchs gonna do

in a lifetime

mehmed's new Rome was born Sultan mamak

ii would spend the next 28 years

fighting countless wars in Europe and

Asia which explained the Ottoman Empire

further than they had before the Battle

of Ankara and 1402 are 1459 dust potato

Serbia was fully annexed with exception

about grad the same year would see the

dust potato Moria being fully annexed by

Mehmed due to the country fusing to pay

its yearly tribute to the Empire the

important journalist fortress I am astra

on the Black Sea coast would also be

conquered the next year the John Darby

Lake and the Empire Chiapas and would

also be annexed in 1461 thus ending the

last remnants of the Byzantine Empire in

1462 Mehmet would also invade and

Vasily's Lakia after neath droning vlad

the impaler from power the scene you

would see the island to lesbos being

seized by Mehmed between 1463 and 1464

the kingdom of Boston would be annexed

into the Ottoman Empire

the Cardinal Balak was annexed in 1468

the Venetian called me of Nagar Ponte

was also conquered after military

campaign left by

med in 14 some deep and 4073 amendment

would defeat the white sheet Turkmens

during the battle at old Billy which

would mark the beginning the end of the

Turkmen Empire in 1475 the Crimean

Khanate would also be vast lies and

generous colonies in the region would be

annexed by the Ottomans in 1479 the

Ottomans that won its war against Venice

after 16 years of war which would see

Albania annexed into the Empire and 1480

the Ottomans began their invasion of

Italy

aside from skander begs resistance

movement the siege of Belgrade in 1456

in the Battle of ves Louie in 1475 the

reign of mammoth ii was filled with many

countless ottoman victories the reign of

sultan mehmed ii saw the ottoman empire

embrace its multicultural States as

Mehmed wished to create a Islamic styled

Roman Empire Mehmed gathered Italian

artists humanists and Greek scholars at

his court and allowed the visiting

church to continue functioning as a dead

for centuries in 1479 Mamet's had even

hired the famous Italian painter Gentile

Bella needs paint his portrait which was

unheard of for Islamic bombers to do

Mehmed also collected Ann's Palace a

library of ancient Greek Persian and

lots and works including the histories

of the Byzantine emperors that have

preceded him ever since when he was the

Shahzada Mehmed also collected numerous

Renaissance works from Europe as he was

an avid fan of classical literature

sultan mehmet ii was truly a man of the

renaissance

however limits interest in western

culture do not win in any conservative

allies at court or the aesthetic gloom

on so many of the items from his

collection were sold after his death

mammoth was also a man of science in

which he would fund the construction of

many observatories and universities

around Empire with some even operation

up to this day Manmadha would also have

aesthetic astronomers like

Christian and other mathematicians in

his Court in order to be updated on the

latest developments in the scientific

world mammoth the second strain also saw

an increase in considerable degrees of

religious freedom in the Empire which

saw the creation of a early form of the

millet system which allowed non-muslim

communities thrilled themselves under

their own laws provided if there were

obedient to the Ottoman Sultan the

Ottoman state was also transformed

during the reign of mehmet ii under

previous administrations the ottoman

court was filled with turkish noble

families that sometimes had other

interests and loyalties than that of the

Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror transitioned

the Empire away from the Turkic gossiped

mentality that emphasizes the ancient

traditions and ceremonies and governance

and moved the Empire towards a

centralized bureaucracy largely made out

of officials from their Sherman

background from the Balkans sultan

mehmet ii also started the process of

codifying ottoman criminal and

constitutional law something that has

great-grandsons remonda magnificent work

completes at forty eighty-one the 49

year old sultan mehmet ii died on route

to constantinople with a ottoman army on

slide preparing to either invade the

islands of Rhodes or reinforces Italian

invasion that have started the year

before some Turkish historians even cite

that man mad was making pepper asians

and made the Mamluks and claimed the

caliphate for the ottoman empire

whatever the case was all current and

future Ottoman military campaigns were

cancelled since May men have failed to

designate a heir between his sons which

caused a huge panic to erupt in the

autumn a administration a civil war was

looming over the horizon for the Ottoman

Empire

meanwhile the conquerors buried at the

mosque died yeah commissioned after the

conquest of Constantinople where he lies

to this very day there are a few

monarchs and military generals from

world history who call themselves

conquerors

but I believe that Ul

san mammoth ii

truly deserves his appetites the reign

of Mehmet the Conqueror is the time

period when the Ottoman state

transformed from being a local power and

regional affairs to being a dominant

force in world politics for the next 400

years the Golden Age of the Ottoman

Empire had just begun